Le futur perfect continuous anglais (ou progressive) est aussi appelé en français futur antérieur progressif ou futur parfait progressif. Il est plutôt compliqué à utiliser mais peut être utile à connaître.
Il est employé pour dire pendant combien de temps quelque chose aura duré jusqu’à un moment donné du futur. La durée de l’action est généralement indiquée avec for ou since (for ten minutes, for three years, since friday…).
- On february she will have been working at the office for more than two years. (= En février ça fera plus de deux ans qu’elle travaille au bureau.)
- In just two weeks from now I will have been living in Melbourne for six years (= D’ici deux semaines j’aurai vécu à Melbourne depuis six ans).
1/ FORMATION DU FUTUR PERFECT CONTINUOUS
sujet + will have been + verbe + ing
- Affirmative: I will have been waiting
- Négative: I will not (= I won’t) have been waiting
- Interrogative: Will I have been waiting?
2/ UTILISATION DU FUTUR PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Pour exprimer la durée avant un événement futur:
Vous constaterez que les points de référence sont au present simple:
- Sam will have been teaching at the school for three years by the time he leaves for Australia.
- We will have been walking for four hours when we finally get to the house.
- Will you have been living in Taiwan for two years by the time you get married?
Quand on a la conviction de la cause d’une situation future:
Utiliser le future perfect continuous avant une autre action future est un bon moyen pour montrer la cause à effet
- John will be tired when he gets home because he will have been working the whole night.
- By this time, she will have been running for over an hour so she will be very tired.
- They will be making a rest stop very soon, because they will have been driving the car for 4 hours by then.
3/ NOTES
Expressions de temps courantes au futur perfect continuous:
next year / next month / next week / by tomorrow / 8 o’clock / 8pm / this year / month / week
Future Continuous ou Future Perfect Continuous ?
Si on n’indique pas une durée comme ‘for ten minutes‘, ‘for two weeks‘ ou ‘since Friday‘, de nombreux anglophones préfèrent utiliser le futur continu plutôt que le future perfect continuous. Attention car cela peut changer la signification de la phrase.
Le futur continu met l’accent sur l’action interrompue, tandis que le future perfect continuous met l’accent sur une durée avant un événement futur.
- He will be tired because he will be working a lot. (Il sera fatigué car il sera en train de travailler à ce moment précis au futur.)
- He will be tired because he will have been working a lot. (Il sera fatigué car il aura été en train de travailler durant un certain moment. Il est possible qu’il sera toujours en train de travailler à ce moment ou il aura juste terminé.)
Il n’y a pas de verbes d’état au futur perfect continuous:
- Tom will have
been havingmotorbike for over one year. FAUX - Tom will have had his motorbike for over one year. CORRECT
La forme active / passive:
La forme passive au future perfect continuous n’est pas courante:
- Kevin will have been fixing the bike for over five weeks by the time it is finished. (Active)
- The bike will have been being fixed by Kevin for over five weeks by the time it is finished. (Passive)
Les expression de temps suivantes ne sont pas utilisées au futur perfect continuous:
when / while / before / after / by the time / as soon as / if / unless / as long as
- He won’t get his diploma unless he
willhave been studying as long as Sam. FAUX - He won’t get his diploma unless he has been studying as long as Sam. CORRECT